| 摘要: |
| 在基本建成一支合格的教师队伍后，中国和许多发达国家一样，都面临着持续提高教师质量的挑战。本文通过对1980—2011年间中小学教师规模、学历和年龄变动的数据分析，发现自2005-2006年起，我国中小学教师队伍人力资本积累就进入增长率“趋缓”的状态，可以判断通过数量扩展、学历提升和经验积累所获得的教师人力资本，对教育质量的贡献已进入边际收益递减的“通道”，要扭转该局面，需要建立人力资本积累的新途径——“做中学”。借助人力资本投资收益递增的研究成果，结合我国中小学校的课程改革和教师专业化的实践，提出两个结论：（1）教师专业化人力资本的形成途径应该立足于组织学习而不是教师个体学习；（2）“做中学”形成的教师人力资本，如果要实现教育质量边际收益递增的新格局，还需要改革200年历史的公共教育基本制度，发现并测量教育质量的新构成。 |
| 关键词: 教师专业化；人力资本；质量收益递减；做中学；组织和制度环境 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家社科基金项目“学术性高中的理论与实践研究”（BHA110057）。 |
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| On Development Stages and New Ways of Accumulating Human Capital of Teaching Force |
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ZENG Xiao-dong, ZHOU Hui, LIN Zhe-yu1,2,3
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1.ZENG Xiao-dong,Faculty of Education，Beijing Normal University;2.ZHOU Hui, Beijing Academy of Education Science;3.LIN Zhe-yu,Faculty of Education，Beijing Normal University
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| Abstract: |
| China now faces the same challenges as advanced countries in increasing teachers’ quality after the object of meeting the demand of qualified teachers being reached.This article addresses a slowing down marginal increasing trend since 2005 06 based on a time serial study on teachers’size，qualification and ages during 1980—2011.The tendency is explained as a decreasing return on education quality of human capital investments on teaching force in term of expansion，qualification and teaching experiences.Two conclusions are then founded：(1)Increasing returns on education quality can only be reached by new investment ways，named as ‘learning by doing’ in workplaces to solve practical problems.(2)Organizational learning instead of teacher's individual's learning should be facilitated and inspired.In order to improve the utility of “Learning by doing”， the government need to reform the foundermental system in public education and evaluate education quality. |
| Key words: teachers’ professionalization；human capital；decreasing returns on education quality；learning by doing；organizational and institutional arrangements |
