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| 我国学前教育幼儿资助政策的特点、问题与完善：基于31个省级政策文本的分析李贞义 雷万鹏 |
| Gong x, Xu d and Han w,2016, “The effects of preschool attendance on adolescent outcomes in rural China”, Early Childhood Research Quarterly, (37):140-152.Heckman J J and Raut L K, 2016, “Intergenerational long-term effects of preschool-structural estimates from a discrete dynamic programming model”, Journal of Econometrics, 191(1):164-175. |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-12 修订日期：2024-08-12 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 幼儿资助政策，弱势儿童，学前教育公平 |
| 英文关键词: early childhood financial assistance policy; socially disadvantaged children;the equity of early childhood education |
| 基金项目:]本文系阐释党的十九届六中全会精神国家社科基金重大项目“推进义务教育均衡发展和城乡一体化研究”(编号：22ZDA095)的研究成果。[ |
| 作者 | 单位 | 邮编 | | 李贞义* | 河南师范大学教育学部 | 453007 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 学生资助事关教育公平和民生福祉。科学完善的学前教育资助政策体系是满足更多家庭经济困难适龄儿童入园需求的重要制度保障,对于促进社会公平具有重要意义。研究对我国31个省份学前教育幼儿资助政策的特点和问题进行了分析,发现我国学前教育幼儿资助政策呈现如下特点：在资助对象上,从选择性资助向普遍性资助转变；在资助内容上,以补助为主,减、免保教费为辅；在资助方式上,以直接资助和赠予性资助为主；在资助主体上,以政府资助为主,幼儿园和社会资助为辅。当前,我国学前教育幼儿资助政策存在资助对象认定困难、资助范围较小、资助标准偏低与区域差距较大以及经费保障困难的问题。建立国家幼儿资助制度、明确资助对象与比例、提高资助标准、完善经费分担机制、保障经费来源稳定和可持续是完善我国学前教育幼儿资助政策的重要举措。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The student financial assistance is one of the important measures of promoting educational and social fairness. A scientifically sound financial assistance system for preschool education is an important institutional guarantee to meet the admission needs of more economically disadvantaged school-age children from families, and is of great significance for promoting social fairness. The subsidy policies for preschool education in China exhibit the following characteristics：In terms of funding targets,it has changed from selective funding to universal funding; Subsidies and reductions in childcare fees are the main forms of funding；Direct funding and gift based funding are the main forms of funding methods；in terms of the subject of funding, it is mainly government funding, supplemented by kindergartens and social funding. At present, there are problems in China"s preschool education funding policies, such as difficulty in identifying funding targets, small funding scope, low funding standards, significant regional disparities, and difficulty in funding security. Establishing a national early childhood funding system, clarifying funding targets and proportions, improving funding standards, improving funding sharing mechanisms, and ensuring stable and sustainable funding sources are important measures to improve China"s early childhood education funding policies. |
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