| 摘要: |
| 党的十八大以来，我国学生资助经费不断扩大，为保障教育公平并提升教育质量发挥了重要作用。本文通过分析2013—2023年《中国学生资助发展报告》，发现我国学生资助经费在规模和结构上存在投入总额逐年增长、生均资助金额占全国居民人均消费支出的比值呈下降趋势、资助经费以财政投入为主、普通高等教育学生资助经费占比最大、地区间生均资助水平差异增大等特征。基于与美国的对比，发现我国学生资助经费仍面临着规模相对较小，层级结构、地区结构和来源结构有待优化的挑战。因此，我国应通过保持经济稳定增长、深化基础教育学生资助体系改革、提升学生资助信息化水平、建立健全经费投入分担机制并推进学生资助法治化进程，进一步调整资助经费规模与结构，以更高质量教育公平推动教育强国目标实现。 |
| 关键词: 教育强国建设；学生资助；资助经费；中国学生资助发展报告 |
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| 基金项目:全国教育科学规划重点项目“高等教育促进新质生产力发展的机制研究”（AIA240013） |
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| The Characteristics, Challenges and Countermeasures of Student Aid Funds in China under the Background of Building a Country Strong in Education —Based on the Analysis of the “China Student Aid Development Report 2013-2023” |
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Mao Jianqing,Wang Zhenzhen,Chen Wenbo
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| Abstract: |
| Since the 18th party congress, China’s student aid funds have been continuously expanding, playing an important role in ensuring education equity and enhancing education quality. Through an analysis of the “China Student Aid Development Report 2013-2023”, several characteristics regarding the scale and structure of student aid funds are identified: a continuous increase in total investment over time, a declining ratio of student aid per student to national per capita consumption expenditure; dominance of financial input in student aid funds; allocation of the largest proportion of student aid to general higher education; and growing regional disparities in levels of student aid. Based on a comparison with the United States, it is found that China''s student financial aid is still facing the challenges of relatively small scale, hierarchical structure, regional distribution and funding sources to be optimized. To achieve its goal of building a country strong in education with higher quality and equity, China should further optimize the scale and structure of its student aid funds by maintaining economic stable growth; deepening reforms in basic education’s student aid system; improving the informationalized level of student aid; establishing and strengthening the mechanism for funds sharing; as well as promoting legislative processes pertaining to student aid. |
| Key words: building a country strong in education; student aid; aid funds; student aid development report |
