Based on the U.S. census data and the World Bank data during 1978—2015 and using the method of production function model and multivariate VAR model, this paper gives an evidence between education and economic growth in the U.S.. The results show that: firstly, the rate of population attained higher education is increasing with a rapid speed, the degree of universalization of education is high and education gini coefficient showed a trend of decline. Secondly, the relationship between education gini coefficient and economic growth assumed a “inverted U” shape. In the short term, education equity have reverse effect on economic growth; while in the long run, education equity has significant positive effects on economic growth. Thirdly, there is a oneway causal relationship between economic growth and education equity, that is education equity has a significant Granger causality to the economic growth. The possible reason is that education equity may promote the social mobility and then promote the longterm economic growth stability. But economic growth has no significant Granger causality to the education equity. The possible reason is that the unreasonable social institutional barriers lead to further income gap and block the social mobility. The empirical research results from the U.S.may have a certain reference for China to promote education equity and carry out more reasonable policies.