| 胡咏梅,范文凤, 丁维莉.“影子教育”会扩大教育结果不均等吗？——基于PISA 2012数据的中国、日本、韩国比较研究[J].教育经济评论,2017,2(5):43-71 |
| “影子教育”会扩大教育结果不均等吗？——基于PISA 2012数据的中国、日本、韩国比较研究 |
| Does “Shadow Education” Enlarge the Inequality of Educational Outcomes? |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: “影子教育”；教育结果不均等；PISA；再加权倾向得分匹配法 |
| 英文关键词: “shadow education”; inequality of educational outcomes; Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA); reweighting on propensity score Matching (RPSM) |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面向项目“直面影子教育系统：我国义务教育课外补习研究”（71373165），北京师范大学“2011计划”项目“影响学生发展的相关因素测评工具研发”（370331321） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 私人课外补习的“影子教育”系统在东亚国家相当普遍。本文基于国际学生能力评价项目PISA 2012的数据，使用多层线性模型，分析了中国上海、香港、日本、韩国四个国家/地区“影子教育”对学生数学素养的影响，并使用再加权倾向得分匹配法（RPSM）估算“影子教育”的净效应。研究发现：课外数学补习对学生数学成绩具有显著的正向效应，且日本、韩国学生的数学补习效应要高于中国上海、香港学生；参加数学课外补习可以缩减家庭经济社会地位带来的成绩差异，从而起到促进教育结果均等的作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The “shadow education” system of private supplementary tutoring has become quite common in East Asian countries nowadays. Based on the data of Programme for International Student Assessment 2012 (PISA 2012), the paper analyzes the influence of shadow education on the mathematical literacy of students of Shanghai, Hong Kong, Japan and Korea by means of a hierarchical linear model, and estimates the net effect of shadow education using the method of reweighting on propensity score matching (RPSM). The following findings are obtained from the study: First, supplementary math tutoring has a significant positive effect on the math score of students, and such an effect is more obvious on Japanese and Korean students than on Hong Kong and Shanghai students; second, attending supplementary math tutoring may narrow the gap between students in learning performance that is caused by the difference in their families’ economic, social and cultural status (ESCS), thus promoting the equality of educational outcomes. |
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